Moral Education Methods in Sufistic Counseling From the Perspective of Al-Ghazali and Ibnu Miskawaih

Abstract

The contemporary era's changes have led to moral degradation in society. Moral degradation affects both adults and students. This study intends to reduce moral decadence by providing intelligent guidance on how to improve moral education based on the fundamental values of Islamic theology, as interpreted by Al-Ghazali and Ibnu Miskawaih. According to Al-Ghazali and Miskawaih, the research employs qualitative descriptive methods, which include data collection using library research techniques, data analysis based on the problem formula, and written reports describing the results of the analysis. The sources of data are reference books and journal articles related to moral education. Sufistic counseling based on Al-Ghazali's views, using the methods of mujahidah, riyaddah, and tazkiyatun nafs to multiply the thinking, worship, battling the lusts, keeping the oral, and multiplying the quiet. Sufistic counsel, based on Ibn Miskawaih's guidance through classical guidance and sophisticated therapy (mu'ahadah, muraqabah, muhasabah, mujahadah, and mutaba'ah), aims to get closer to Allah SWT by doing the works of shaleh and abandoning His prohibitions, and getting used to doing good deeds so that morality is born in accordance with the norms of religion and society.